Pele ho 1863, silicon-e nang le metsoako eohle e tsejoang le ho sebelisoa ke batho e ne e le metsoako ea silicon ea tlhaho, ho kenyeletsoa le lihlahisoa tsa tlhaho tsa silicon{2}tse fetotsoeng lihlahisoa tsa morao-rao tse kang lirafshoa, samente, le likhalase. Ka 1863, litsebi tsa k'hemistri tsa Mafora C. Feidedel le JM raft li ile tsa kopanya tetraethyl silane ka karabelo ea zinki ea ethyl le silicon tetrafluoride ka har'a tube e tiisitsoeng. E ne e le setsi sa pele sa organosilicon historing. Sena se boetse se tšoaea qaleho ea k'hemistri ea organosilicon.
Ho tloha ka nako eo, litsebi tsa k'hemistri li ile tsa tsoela pele ho kopanya metsoako e mecha ea organosilicon. Har'a tsona, ho bohlokoa ho bua ka A. Lamenberg, e sebelisang ethyl orthosilicate ho nka sebaka sa silicon tetrachloride le ho sebelisa alkyl zinc ho fumana metsoako ea organosilicon e nang le mono -, II -, le III silicon functionals, le A.Polis, e kopanyang tsa pele kaofela{5}}arylnysilanesilane, tetrapheral, tetrapheral. Nakong ea lilemo tse 40 ho fihlela ka 1903, le hoja ho ne ho se na katleho ea theknoloji e hlileng e khothalletsang tsoelo-pele ea silicone e ileng ea hlahisoa, litsebi tsa lik'hemik'hale li ile tsa etsa mosebetsi o mongata oa bopula-maliboho nakong ena. Ka hona, sethala sena se ka nkoa e le nako ea ho thehoa ha silicone.
Setsebi sa k'hemistri se tummeng sa Borithane FSKipping se nkuoa e le mothehi oa k'hemistri ea organosilicon. Ho tloha ka 1898 ho isa 1944, o ile a etsa diphuputso tse batsi le{5}ka botebo tabeng ena mme a tswela pele ho phatlalatsa dipampiri tse amanang le 51 ho Journal of the Chemical Society of the United Kingdom.
Ka 1904, W le setsebi sa k'hemistri sa Jeremane Dithey ba ile ba fumana ka boikemelo hore metsoako ea organosilicon e ka kopanngoa ka karabelo ea Grignard. Mokhoa ona o ile oa ntlafatsoa haholo ho feta mekhoa ea pele ea tšepe{2}ka lebaka la ho sebetsa habonolo ha eona, chai e ngata, mefuta e mengata ea tšebeliso le polokeho e batlang e phahame. Mokhoa ona o ka sebelisoa ho kopanya mefuta e fapaneng ea metsoako ea organosilicon e nang le ts'ebetso e fapaneng ea silicon
Kip{{0}ping e kopantseng palo e kholo ea{1}}metsoako e hlalositsoeng hantle ea organosilicon ka ho sebelisa mokhoa ona. Mokhoa ona e bile motheo oa indasteri ea organosilicon nakong e tlang, 'me e ntse e le o mong oa mekhoa ea bohlokoahali ea ho kopanya organosilicon kajeno. RMgCl+SiCl- RSiCl:+RSiCl+R:SiC1+ RSi +MgCl,(2.3)Kipping synthesized organochlorosilanes ka ho sebedisa mokgwa wa Grignard reagent mme ya fumana hore di ka hlahiswa ka hydrolyzed ho etsa silanols. Ka nako e ts'oanang, o ile a boela a hlokomela hore silanediol le siltriol li ka tsoela pele ho kena ka har'a li-intermolecular condensation ho etsa li-polymers. Leha ho le joalo, joalo ka setsebi sa k'hemistri ea lintho tse phelang, ha a ka a ela hloko karabelo ena ho hang mme a bile a hloile lihlahisoa tsena tsa polymer. Kahoo, ha aa ka a ithuta tsona. Tabeng ena, Dilthey o entse mosebetsi o nang le moelelo: o ile a fokotsa diphenylsilanediol ho fumana hexaphenylcyclotrisiloxane. Ena ke motsoako oa pele oa cyclic polysiloxane o tlalehiloeng nalaneng. Ke pula-maliboho ho kopantseng li-linear silicon{17}}oxane, 'me ho fihla ha eona ho bile le karolo e ntle haholo ho nts'etsopele ea li-polymer tsa organosilicon.
Ho tloha ka 1904 ho isa ho 1937, bo-rasaense ha baa ka ba kopanya metsoako e mengata e bonolo ea organosilicon empa hape ba ile ba hlahisa li-polysiloxysaccharides tsa cyclic le linear. Ho feta moo, A.Stock e fumane li-silanhydride tse ngata liphuputsong tsa mantlha mme e se e qalile ho kopanya metsoako ea asymmetric silicon athomo. Lilemo tse mashome a mararo tse fetileng e bile nako ea kholo ea k'hemistri ea organosilicon.
Ka mor'a lilemo tsa bo-1930 litsebi tsa k'hemistri li ile tsa qala ho lemoha menyetla ea ts'ebeliso ea-lik'hemik'hale tse phahameng tsa organosilicon. Bafuputsi ba khale ka ho fetisisa lefapheng lena ba ne ba akarelletsa JFHyde oa Corning Glass Company United States, WJ Petnode le EGrochow of General Electric (GE) United States, le KA oa Soviet Union ea mehleng Andrianov le BNDolgov, R. Miller ea tsoang Jeremane, joalo-joalo, joalo-joalo.
Hyde, ho fapana le maikutlo a Kipping, ke eena oa pele oa ho kopanya k'hemistri ea organosilicon le k'hemistri ea polymer. Tlas'a tataiso ea hae, Corning Inc. e ile ea hlahisa li-resin tsa silicone, liphahlo, li-imregnating agents le lihlahisoa tse ling tse ngata tsa polyorganosiloxane bakeng sa lesela la khalase ea motlakase. Ho sa le joalo, DowChemicals ea United States e ile ea boela ea qala lipatlisiso tsa tlhahiso ea polyorganosiloxanes le ho theha limela tsa lifofane bakeng sa oli ea dimethyl silicone le methyl phenyl silicone resin ka 1942. Ka nako eo, organochlorosilane monomers e ne e entsoe haholo ka mokhoa oa Grignard, kahoo phepelo ea li-monomers e ile ea e-ba botlolo bo ka sehloohong bo neng bo ama nako ea polymer ea polymer. Ka 1940, Rochow o ile a qapa "mokhoa o tobileng oa ho kopanya" oa methylsilane mme a etsa kopo ea patent. Mokhoa ona ha o sebelise li-solvents. Ke khase{8}}mohato o tiileng oa khase moo chloromethane e kenngoang ka kotloloho ho silicon powder e nang le copper catalyst (Equation 2.4). Ka nako ena feela, rakhemisi oa Lejeremane Muller le eena o ile a etsa kopo ea tokelo ea molao e tšoanang, empa letsatsi la bohlokoa e bile likhoeli tse robong hamorao ho feta la Rochow. Tlatsetso ena e ikhethang e hlahisitse phetoho e kholo tlhahisong ea silicone mme e khothalelitse nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea silicone.
Ka 1943, Dow Chemical Company le Corning Inc. li ile tsa theha lefatše ka kopanelo-khamphani e tsebahalang ea silicone ea litsebi - Dow Corning Corporation, 'me selemong sona seo, ho ile ha ahoa feme ea tlhahiso ea polyorganosiloxanes Mdand, Michigan, USA. Haufinyane khamphani e ile ea etsa sealing sealing material ea DC#4 'me ea atleha ho e sebelisa-lifofaneng tse phahameng. Hamorao, k'hamphani e ile ea hlahisa mefuta e mengata ea li-silicone resin, litlolo, oli ea shockproof, oli e tlotsang, li-defoam le lihlahisoa tse ling. Ka 1947, General Electric Company e boetse e thehile karolo ea organosilicon, e ileng ea hlahisa khase ea organosilicon ka mokhoa o tobileng le ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tsa polysiloxane. Theknoloji ea tlhahiso ea General Electric Company e ile ea amoheloa ke lifeme tse latelang tsa silicone.
Lipatlisiso lefapheng la li-polymers tsa silicone sebakeng sa mehleng ea Soviet Union li ne li tsoteha haholo, haholo-holo Andrianov. Ntle le ho etsa mosebetsi o mongata oa li-polymers tsa polysiloxane le ho kopanya li-polymers tse ngata tsa organosilicon tse nang le boleng bo sebetsang ba kopo, o ile a boela a hlahisa likarolo tse ling tse kang boron, aluminium, titanium, tin le phosphorus ka har'a sebopeho sa polysiloxane bakeng sa phetoho. Hape ke eena motho oa pele oa ho sebelisa silazane e le seaparo se sa keneleng metsi.
Ka mor'a bofelo ba Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše, ka lebaka la ts'ebeliso e atlehileng ea lihlahisoa tsa silicone tlhahiso ea sesole, indasteri ea silicone e ile ea ntlafala ka potlako haholo 'me tlhahiso ea eona kaofela e ile ea kena tseleng e tloaelehileng. Lilemong tsa bo-1950, lik'hamphani tse hlahisang lihlahisoa tsa silicone li ile tsa thehoa ka tatellano linaheng tse fapaneng. Mefuta e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tsa silicone polymer, joalo ka rabara ea silicone (ho kenyeletsoa-rabara e phekolang mocheso o phahameng, rabara e futhumatsang mocheso ka kamoreng, rabara ea silicone e bonaletsang, oli{4}}rekere e sa sebetsaneng le fluorosilicone, joalo-joalo), oli ea pompo ea diffusion, resin e laminating, emulsion, silicone surfaclation, silicone surfaclation, silicone surfactation, 6} antiking ab{6} ya hlaha ka ho latelana.
Pakeng tsa 1938 le 1965, ka khopolo le ts'ebetsong; Khemistri ea Organosilicon e ntse e tsoela pele ka potlako ho li-monomers le li-polymers. Mona, lintlha tsa bohlokoa tse lokelang ho hatisoa li kenyelletsa: likarabo tsa silicylation, hydrosilylation reactions, lipatlisiso ka metsoako ea photoactive organosilicon, synthesis ea metsoako ea organosilicon e nang le lihlopha tsa carbon, ho hlahloba mekhoa ea ho itšoara, ho ntlafatsa mekhoa ea polymerization, hammoho le ho hlaha ho latellanang ha oli ea silicone, rabara ea silicone le li-coupling agents, joalo-joalo Ha ho pelaelo hore nako ea tsoelo-pele ea silicone e ne e le nako ea tsoelo-pele.
Ho tloha ka 1965, ntle le ho kopanya, ho nts'etsapele, ho ntlafatsa le ho sebelisa likatleho tse teng, batho ba boetse ba fetohela lefapheng le lecha la k'hemistri ea organosilicon. Har'a tsona, tse hlokomelehang li kenyelletsa: organosilicon stereochemistry, organosilicon compounds with physiological activity, cyclic and linear polysilanes, various silicon{2}}containing reaction intermediates, unsaturated bond compounds of silicon, ternary ring compounds tse nang le silicon, silicon-metal bond compounds, polysipolymer blocks, polysilane silicon-e nang le metsoako ea dendritic le hyperbranched polymer, joalo-joalo. indastering ea silicone, tekanyo ea tlhahiso ea li-silicone monomers le li-polymers e ntse e eketseha, theknoloji ea tlhahiso e lula e ntlafala, 'me litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso li lula li fokotseha. Sena se etsa hore lihlahisoa tsa silicone li be le tlholisano. Ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea -lihlahisoa tsa silicone tse sebetsang ka bongata-tse sebetsang hantle{9}tse phahameng, tse kang li-polysiloxane tsa bongaka, conductive le thermally conductive, li ntse li tsoela pele ho atolosa tšebetso ea tsona. Lihlahisoa tsa silicone li lula li kenella mafapheng a fapaneng a moruo oa naha ka mefuta ea mantlha e kang oli ea silicone, rabara ea silicone, resin ea silicone, le li-silane coupling agents.